DENISON

Rochester Institute of Technology Leaf 14

This leaf comes from a French Bible of the late thirteenth century. The vellum is thin, white, and supple with minimal yellowing, measuring a substantial 40.5 x 27 cm. Lining is done in light ink or lead, and the script is an angular gothic. The bulk of the text is in brown ink, with red, blue, coral, white, and beige for the decorations. This leaf is heavily illuminated and decorated, including elaborate initials and foliage, highlighted book names and chapter numbers, and extensive use of gold leaf. But while the decoration is exceptional, we see on these leaves an unusual number of scribal corrections (especially erasures and strikethroughs). See Denison University Leaf 14 for more information about this manuscript.

Text: Ezekiel 18:21-20:11 (recto). A scan of the verso is not currently available.

Rochester 14.jpg
Rochester Leaf 14 Recto
Rochester Leaf 14 Recto

Rochester Institute of Technology Leaf 14 Recto

+ Rochester Leaf 14 Recto Transcription

[column A]

-bus peccátis suis quæ operátus est, et custodíerit ómnia præcépta mea, et fécerit judícium et justítiam, vita vivet, et non moriétur. Ómnium iniquitátum ejus quas operátus est, non recordábor: in justítia sua quam operátus est, vivet. Numquid voluntátis meæ est mors ímpii, dicit Dóminus Deus, et non ut convertátur a viis suis, et vivat? Si autem avérterit se justus a justítia sua, et fécerit iniquitátem secúndum omnes abominatiónes quas operári solet ímpius, numquid vivet? Omnes justítiæ ejus quas fécerat, non recordabúntur: in prævaricatióne qua prævaricátus est, et in peccáto suo quod peccávit, in ipsis moriétur. Et dixístis: Non est æqua via Dómini! Audíte ergo, domus Israël: numquid via mea non est æqua, et non magis viæ vestræ pravæ sunt? Cum enim avérterit se justus a justítia sua, et fécerit iniquitátem, moriétur in eis: in injustítia quam operátus est moriétur. Et cum avérterit se ímpius ab impietáte sua quam operátus est, et fécerit judícium et justítiam, ipse ánimam suam vivificábit: consíderans enim, et avértens se ab ómnibus iniquitátibus suis quas operátus est, vita vivet, et non moriétur. Et dicunt fílii Israël: Non est æqua via Dómini! Numquid viæ meæ non sunt æquæ, domus Israël, et non magis viæ vestræ pravæ? Idcírco unumquémque juxta vias suas judicábo, domus Israël, ait Dóminus Deus. Convertímini, et ágite pœniténtiam ab ómnibus iniquitátibus vestris, et non erit vobis in ruínam iníquitas. Projícite a vobis omnes prævaricatiónes vestras in quibus prævaricáti estis, et fácite vobis cor novum, et spíritum novum: et quare moriémini, domus Israël? Quia nolo mortem moriéntis, dicit Dóminus Deus: revertímini, et vívite. XIX. Et tu assúme planctum super príncipes Israël, et dices: Quare mater tua leaena inter leónes cubávit? in médio leunculórum enutrívit cátulos suos? 3 Et edúxit unum de leúnculis suis, et leo factus est: et dídicit cápere prædam, hominémque comédere. Et audiérunt de eo gentes: et non absque vulnéribus suis cepérunt eum, et adduxérunt eum in caténis in terram Ægýpti. Quæ cum vidísset quóniam infirmáta est, et périit exspectátio ejus, tulit unum de leúnculis suis;leónem constítuit eum. Qui incedébat inter leónes, et factus est leo: et dídicit prædam cápere, et hómines devoráre: dídicit víduas fácere, et civitátes eárum in desértum addúcere: et desoláta est terra et

[column B]

plenitúdo ejus a voce rúgitus illíus. Et convenérunt advérsus eum gentes úndique de provínciis, et expandérunt super eum rete suum: in vulnéribus eárum captus est, et misérunt eum in cáveam: in caténis adduxérunt eum ad regem Babylónis, miserúntque eum in cárcerem, ne audirétur vox ejus ultra super montes Israël. Mater tua quasi vínea in sánguine tuo super aquam plantáta est: fructus ejus et frondes ejus crevérunt ex aquis multis. Et factæ sunt ei virgæ sólidæ in sceptra dominántium, et exaltáta est statúra ejus inter frondes, et vidit altitúdinem suam in multitúdine pálmitum suórum. Et evúlsa est in ira, in terrámque projécta, et ventus urens siccávit fructum ejus: marcuérunt et arefáctæ sunt virgæ róboris ejus: ignis comédit eam. Et nunc transplantáta est in desértum, in terra ínvia et sitiénti. Et egréssus est ignis de virga ramórum ejus, qui fructum ejus comédit: et non fuit in ea virga fortis, sceptrum dominántium. Planctus est, et erit in planctum. XX. Et factum est in anno séptimo, in quinto, in décima mensis, venérunt viri de senióribus Israël ut interrogárent Dóminum, et sedérunt coram me. Et factus est sermo Dómini ad me, dicens: Fili hóminis, lóquere senióribus Israël, et dices ad eos: Hæc dicit Dóminus Deus: Numquid ad interrogándum me vos venístis? vivo ego quia non respondébo vobis, ait Dóminus Deus. Si júdicas eos, si júdicas, fili hóminis, abominatiónes patrum eórum osténde eis. Et dices ad eos: Hæc dicit Dóminus Deus: In die qua elégi Israël, et levávi manum meam pro stirpe domus Jacob, et appárui eis in terra Ægýpti, et levávi manum meam pro eis, dicens: Ego Dóminus Deus vester: in die illa levávi manum meam pro eis ut edúcerem eos de terra Ægýpti, in terram quam providéram eis, fluéntem lacte et melle, quæ est egrégia inter omnes terras. Et dixi ad eos: Unusquísque offensiónes oculórum suórum abjíciat, et in idólis Ægýpti nolíte póllui: ego Dóminus Deus vester. Et irritavérunt me, noluerúntque me audíre: unusquísque abominatiónes oculórum suórum non projécit, nec idóla Ægýpti reliquérunt. Et dixi ut effúnderem indignatiónem meam super eos, et implérem iram meam in eis, in médio terræ Ægýpti. Et feci propter nomen meum, ut non violarétur coram géntibus in quarum médio erant, et inter quas appárui eis ut edúcerem eos de terra Ægýpti. Ejéci ergo eos de terra Ægýpti, et edúxi eos in desértum. Et dedi eis præcépta mea, et judícia mea osténdi

+ Rochester Leaf 14 Recto Translation

[Ezekiel 18:21-20:11]

...for all his sins which he hath committed, and keep all my commandments, and do judgment, and justice, living he shall live, and shall not die. 22 I will not remember all his iniquities that he hath done: in his justice which he hath wrought, he shall live. 23 Is it my will that a sinner should die, saith the Lord God, and not that he should be converted from his ways, and live? 24 But if the just man turn himself away from his justice, and do iniquity according to all the abominations which the wicked man useth to work, shall he live? all his justices which he hath done, shall not be remembered: in the prevarication, by which he hath prevaricated, and in his sin, which he hath committed, in them he shall die. 25 And you have said: The way of the Lord is not right. Hear ye, therefore, O house of Israel: Is it my way that is not right, and are not rather your ways perverse? 26 For when the just turneth himself away from his justice, and committeth iniquity, he shall die therein: in the injustice that he hath wrought he shall die. 27 And when the wicked turneth himself away from his wickedness, which he hath wrought, and doeth judgment, and justice: he shall save his soul alive. 28 Because he considereth and turneth away himself from all his iniquities which he hath wrought, he shall surely live, and not die. 29 And the children of Israel say: The way of the Lord is not right. Are not my ways right, O house of Israel, and are not rather your ways perverse? 30 Therefore will I judge every man according to his ways, O house of Israel, saith the Lord God. Be converted, and do penance for all your iniquities: and iniquity shall not be your ruin. 31 Cast away from you all your transgressions, by which you have transgressed, and make to yourselves a new heart, and a new spirit: and why will you die, O house of Israel? 32 For I desire not the death of him that dieth, saith the Lord God, return ye and live.

1 Moreover take thou up a lamentation for the princes of Israel, 2 And say: Why did thy mother the lioness lie down among the lions, and bring up her whelps in the midst of young lions? 3 And she brought out one of her whelps, and he became a lion: and he learned to catch the prey, and to devour men. 4 And the nations heard of him, and took him, but not without receiving wounds: and they brought him in chains into the land of Egypt. 5 But she seeing herself weakened, and that her hope was lost, took one of her young lions, and set him up for a lion. 6 And he went up and down among the lions, and became a lion: and he learned to catch the prey, and to devour men. 7 He learned to make widows, and to lay waste their cities: and the land became desolate, and the fulness thereof by the noise of his roaring. 8 And the nations came together against him on every side out of the provinces, and they spread their net over him, in their wounds he was taken. 9 And they put him into a cage, they brought him in chains to the king of Babylon: and they cast him into prison, that his voice should no more be heard upon the mountains of Israel. 10 Thy mother is like a vine in thy blood planted by the water: her fruit and her branches have grown out of many waters. 11 And she hath strong rods to make sceptres for them that bear rule, and her stature was exalted among the branches: and she saw her height in the multitude of her branches. 12 But she was plucked up in wrath, and cast on the ground, and the burning wind dried up her fruit: her strong rods are withered, and dried up: the fire hath devoured her. 13 And now she is transplanted into the desert, in a land not passable, and dry. 14 And a fire is gone out from a rod of her branches, which hath devoured her fruit: so that she now hath no strong rod, to be a sceptre of rulers. This is a lamentation, and it shall be for a lamentation.

1 And it came to pass in the seventh year, in the fifth month, the tenth day of the month: there came men of the ancients of Israel to inquire of the Lord, and they sat before me. 2 And the word of the Lord came to me, saying: 3 Son of man, speak to the ancients of Israel, and say to them: Thus saith the Lord God: Are you come to inquire of me? As I live, I will not answer you, saith the Lord God. 4 If thou judgest them, if thou judgest, O son of man, declare to them the abominations of their fathers. 5 And say to them: Thus saith the Lord God: In the day when I chose Israel, and lifted up my hand for the race of the house of Jacob: and appeared to them in the land of Egypt, and lifted up my hand for them, saying: I am the Lord your God: 6 In that day I lifted up my hand for them, to bring them out of the land of Egypt, into a land which I had provided for them, flowing with milk and honey, which excelleth amongst all lands. 7 And I said to them: Let every man cast away the scandals of his eyes, and defile not yourselves with the idols of Egypt: I am the Lord your God. 8 But they provoked me, and would not hearken to me: they did not every man cast away the abominations of his eyes, neither did they forsake the idols of Egypt: and I said I would pour out my indignation upon them, and accomplish my wrath against them in the midst of the land of Egypt. 9 But I did otherwise for my name's sake, that it might not be violated before the nations, in the midst of whom they were, and among whom I made myself known to them, to bring them out of the land of Egypt. 10 Therefore I brought them out from the land of Egypt, and brought them into the desert. 11 And I gave them my statutes, and I shewed them my judgments...


For more information, contact Dr. Fred Porcheddu.